ReDiS - Journal of Social and Environmental Law (UEG), linked to the UEG Law School, is a biannual academic publication, in continuous flow, with free access, which allows the publication of scientific articles, reviews and interviews linked to the following axes: a ) Theory, hermeneutics and judicialization of Fundamental Rights; b) Public Policies and Social Movements aimed at promoting Human Rights; c) Empirical and critical research in Social and Environmental Law. ISSN: 2965-3991
The author(s) agree(s) and declare(s) that: They have provided accurate and truthful information and have not created a false identity or used subterfuge with the intent to deceive individuals, institutions, or obtain benefits of any kind; They are solely responsible for any and all information provided and are subject to administrative and legal consequences arising from inaccurate or false statements (Articles 298 and 299 of the Brazilian Penal Code) that may cause harm to the Journal or third parties; They have not used the Journal for illegal, unlawful, or prohibited purposes, nor for actions that violate the privacy or rights of third parties, including copyright or intellectual property rights.
Copyright (c) 2025 Social and Environmental Law Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The interview with Girolamo Domenico Treccani, a tenured professor at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), addresses the complex socio-environmental issues of the Legal Amazon, focusing on the territorial dispute between traditional peoples and capitalist land exploitation. Treccani distinguishes "territories of life," understood as cultural and identity spaces of indigenous peoples and quilombolas, from "land-capital," seen as a patrimonial asset for economic exploitation, often with negative environmental impacts. Land grabbing and mining are highlighted as practices fueling land conflicts, exacerbated by inadequate records and land overlaps between public and private properties. The right to prior, free, and informed consultation of traditional populations is seen as fundamental, but often overlooked. Treccani advocates for collective land titling of these populations as a means to ensure territorial protection and combat land speculation. He also emphasizes the importance of integrating land management systems and promoting greater inter-institutional coordination to regularize land in the Amazon. The professor concludes by stating that the Amazon should be recognized as a territory of rights, where biodiversity and sociodiversity coexist and are equally valuable.
THE LEGAL REGIME FOR THE EXPULSION OF FOREIGN CITIZENS IN THE MOZAMBICAN LEGAL SYSTEM
The present study deals with the Legal Regime for the Expulsion of Foreigners in Mozambique, a very current topic, especially the expulsion of foreigners, as the coercive removal of individuals from territories outside their jurisdiction, observing all legal procedures for staying or leaving for reasons duly substantiated by the authorities with powers to carry it out. However, in Mozambican jurisdiction, it is incumbent upon the Minister who oversees the area of migration, specifically that of the Interior, on behalf of the Government to order the administrative expulsion, pursuant to paragraph 1 of article 40 of Decree No. 108/2014, of 31 December, which approves the regulation of Law No. 23/2022 of 29 December, the legal regime for Foreign Citizens and establishes the respective rules for entering, staying and leaving the country, as well as their rights, duties and guarantees and establishes the respective norms for entering, staying and leaving the country. Furthermore, in the Mozambican legal order, there are two types of expulsions, namely: administrative and judicial expulsion. Under the terms of number 2 of article 40 of Decree number 108/2014, of December 31, the foreign citizen covered by the administrative expulsion measure, if he so wishes, may file an appeal with the Administrative Court, without suspensive effects, in order to safeguard its permanence.
The author of the aforementioned work, along with the contributing co-authors, identifies that the Armed Forces have never been absent from Brazil’s political history. This enduring presence demonstrates that the military is neither apolitical nor politically disengaged. On the contrary, the military has historically occupied a central role in political power. With the establishment of the Republic, political disputes arose among various military factions—whose presence in the constituent congress once reached a quarter of its members—marking the beginning of a contradictory and lasting intervention in Brazilian politics, a proximity that continues to the present day.
FORMAS ALTERNATIVAS DE COMBATE AO RACISMO: RESENHA DO LIVRO “O NEGRO: DE BOM ESCRAVO A MAU CIDADÃO”?
“O nengro: de bom escravo a mau cidadão”? é o título do livro de Clóvis Moura que resultou da compilação de três trabalhos sobre a escravidão negra. Composto por três partes todas interligadas ao título, tece uma crítica contundente à persistência de estruturas coloniais e escravistas na sociedade brasileira mesmo após a abolição. Publicado originalmente em 1977 e reeditado em 2021, pela Dandara editora, a obra objetiva-se a desconstruir a visão tradicional de “passividade” concebida ao africano negro na era do escravismo, demonstrando o papel ativo do negro no interior das lutas sociais no Brasil tanto para sua libertação quanto para a independência do Brasil.
ANALYSIS OF LAW 9.985/2000 AND ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION
Recognized as one of Brazil's most significant areas for environmental conservation, Chapada dos Veadeiros, located in the state of Goiás, exemplifies the effectiveness of Brazilian environmental legislation in protecting unique ecosystems rich in biodiversity. This article aims to examine the application of Law No. 9,985/2000, which established the National System of Nature Conservation Units (SNUC), in Chapada dos Veadeiros, with the goal of understanding the impacts of sustainable development in the region and the role of environmental preservation in areas requiring protection. To this end, the study addresses legislative proposals for regulating preservation zones in Chapada dos Veadeiros and the challenges posed by agricultural pressure, tourism, and conflicts of interest following the implementation of the SNUC. Ultimately, the findings reveal that conservation measures for the Cerrado biome, such as the establishment of national parks and reserves, despite various challenges, have significantly contributed to local environmental preservation.
THE TREATMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN THE FACE OF CRIMINAL EXECUTION AND THE SYSTEMATIC PERPETUATION OF SERIOUS VIOLATIONS OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF CONVICTS
The present article addresses the unconstitutional state of affairs to which individuals with disabilities are subjected within the brazilian prison system. The problem involves understanding how prison facilities contribute to the perpetuation of the segregation of groups, such as people with disabilities, hindering their dignified reintegration into society. The research justification is demonstrated by the high social relevance and the legal significance of the topic at hand, due to the serious human rights violations experienced by individuals within the brazilian prison system. The objective is to assess whether the modus operandi of the brazilian prison system is responsible for perpetuating the unconstitutional state of affairs experienced by people with disabilities during and even after their incarceration. The methodology employed relies on the qualitative method through bibliographic research. The research discusses the Unconstitutional State of Affairs recognized by the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court when judging the Fundamental Precept Assertion filed under number 347, as well as principles, articles, and objectives outlined in the Resolution of November 22, 2018, from the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and, especially, in Brazilian legislation, particularly in the Federal Constitution and the Penal Execution Law. The article concludes that the Brazilian prison system is insufficient to reintegrate individuals due to inhumane treatment and the non-compliance with the set of norms to be followed, and this state is perpetuated due to the lack of interest and planning by the Public Authorities.
ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
This study addresses the technical, economic, and operational feasibility of implementing the Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) at the Laboratory for Water and Effluent Analysis (LAAE), under the Goiás Police Technical- Scientific Superintendency (SPTC/GO). The research emphasizes the importance of environmental forensics for producing technical evidence related to water pollution crimes and other environmental infractions. The study also explores the strategic feasibility of securing institutional and private funding for implementing the equipment. A qualitative approach was employed, including a bibliographic review, documentary analysis, and consultations with case studies and technical literature. The results indicate that the ICP-OES is an indispensable tool for identifying and quantifying heavy metals and other pollutants at trace levels, capable of meeting the requirements of Resolutions CONAMA No. 357, 396, and 430. Despite the high acquisition and maintenance costs, the equipment demonstrates strong technical and economic feasibility, particularly when supported by institutional partnerships and external funding sources. The implementation of the ICP-OES at LAAE will enhance custody chain procedures, expand the laboratory's technical capacity, and establish Goiás as a reference in environmental forensics in Brazil. It is concluded that investing in the ICP-OES will not only meet the growing demand for precise analyses but also contribute to holding offenders accountable and mitigating environmental impacts.
Copyright (c) 2024 Social and Environmental Law Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
A TRANSCIVILIZATIONAL PERSPECTIVE ON INTERNATIONAL LAW: QUESTIONING PREVALENT COGNITIVE FRAMEWORKS IN THE EMERGING MULTI-POLAR AND MULTI-CIVILIZATIONAL WORLD OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
DOSSIER ACADEMIC DIALOGUES IN HUMAN RIGHTS – VOL. 2
EDUCATION IN HUMAN RIGHTS THROUGH THE FEELING AND THINKING OF SOCIALIZATION IN THE UNITED NATIONS MODELS
Editorial - Diálogos Acadêmicos em Direitos Humanos
INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND EDUCATION
Brief Biography: In addition to being a Permanent Professor in the Graduate Program in Constitutional Law at the Federal University of Ceará (UFC), a Collaborating Professor in the Graduate Program in Law and Society in Latin America and the Caribbean (LATAM) at São Paulo State University (UNESP), and a Visiting Researcher at the Center for Social Studies (CES) of the University of Coimbra, Portugal, Mariana Silva is a senior researcher at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (IEJA) in Brasília, Brazil. Her research explores the intersection between human rights and territories, addressing topics such as the protection of territorial rights for indigenous and quilombola communities, the challenges in implementing sustainable development policies, and legal education practices in traditional communities. Professor Mariana has collaborated with the International Human Rights Network, participating in global and regional processes related to the protection of vulnerable communities' rights and climate justice. With internationally recognized contributions, she has been involved in creating human rights training initiatives for indigenous and rural communities and in collaborative teaching projects in countries like Colombia, Mexico, Portugal, Mozambique, Argentina, and Ecuador.
BRAZILIAN HOLOCAUST: A REVIEW FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS COMMITTED IN 20TH CENTURY BRAZIL
ARBEX, Daniela. Holocausto Brasileiro. São Paulo: Geração Editorial, 2013. Daniela Arbex is a Brazilian journalist and documentarian. She graduated in 1995 with a degree in Social Communication from the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, beginning her career at the newspaper Tribuna de Minas, where she served as a special reporter for over two decades. Dedicated to the defense of human rights, Arbex has been recognized for her work as an investigative journalist. As the author of Holocausto Brasileiro, she received the Best Reportage Book of the Year award from the São Paulo Association of Art Critics (2013) and the second place for Reportage Book at the Jabuti Prize (2014), with over 300,000 copies sold in Brazil and around the world. Espanhol:
CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY IN THE RURAL AREA OF GOIÁS
This research aims to analyze agrarian crimes and their repercussions on the Brazilian and Goiás contexts of violence and criminality in rural areas, by identifying the structure of repression of rural crimes in Brazil and Goiás. The main objective is to discuss the difficulties in combating crime in the rural environment, considering crimes against property in rural areas. The research discusses the development of public security policies to combat property crimes in rural areas. Additionally, it evaluates data related to theft and robbery crimes recorded at the Rural Crimes Police Station of Goiás between 2017 and 2021. Through documentary research using a qualitative methodology, the study observes positive results obtained by the public policy of integration between the public security agencies of the State of Goiás and other bodies involved with agribusiness, as well as the participation of the private sector and the population.
This work aims to investigate the implications and consequences of the State's conviction in the case of the Workers of the Santo Antônio de Jesus Fireworks Factory by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. It is noteworthy that in Brazil, it is common to hear news about workers being found in unhealthy, degrading situations, or even in conditions analogous to slavery. Given this, it is possible to admit that Brazil systematically violates the fundamental and social rights of workers, and therefore, their human rights. Thus, through a literature review, research on legislation related to the topic, research on official and non-governmental statistical data, as well as the IACHR Court's decision in the 'Case of the Workers of the Santo Antônio de Jesus Fireworks Factory and their Families vs. Brazil,' we aim to present the main points of the case, highlight the protection of workers in Brazilian legislation from a human rights perspective, and analyze the prevailing working conditions in Brazil and the impact of this decision on the Brazilian labor market.
CAN WE TALK ABOUT SOCIAL INCLUSION IN EDUCATION? ANALYSIS POSSIBILITIES FROM INTERCULTURAL DIALOGUE
This paper presents a possibility of analysis and interdisciplinary work between the master's degree in intercultural education and the master's degree in pedagogical mediation in English learning, from the Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia - UNAD, of Colombia, based on the concept of social inclusion, from the political and social points of view, as well as exploring the approaches of the Colombian State aimed to close social gaps, based on the Peace Agreement signed in 2016. Then, it addresses the issue of social inclusion seen from the educational field, in relation to the intercultural approach, specifically to its linguistic dimension in Sanandresan Creole, whose base is the English language. This is how both master's degrees converge on the idea of ​​developing a pedagogical project that addresses interculturality and mastery of English, based on situated knowledge with a projection of multidimensional cultural valuation, understanding that studying the Anglo world also makes it possible to explore scenarios of diversity in our country.
Democracy is seen as the best form of government to be adopted by a country and constitutes a sine qua non condition for these same governments not to be considered international pariahs. From the institutional security attributed to democracy to the full enjoyment of the rights of its citizens, all elements apparently converge to the premise that democracy must be effectively nurtured as an idea and preserved when put into effect. However, its preservation does not have a consensus regarding the forms chosen for this purpose. Should all citizens actively participate in democratic defense? Is it possible to remove elements inherent to democracy, such as political rights, on the grounds that they are not being used in the “correct” way? These questions do not have simple or fixed answers. The premise from which it is based is that democracy is not self-sufficient, therefore, it requires protection that takes into account its incapacity for self-preservation. If this is true, is it possible to act in this political and legal environment that makes up democracy without incurring theoretical and pragmatic mistakes? The research is separated into three distinct moments. Firstly, a theoretical framework regarding democracy will be determined. Secondly, the theory of militant democracy will be presented with some of the arguments that constitute the main concerns for its scholars.
TENSIONS AND CONTRADICTIONS IN BRAZILIAN AND VENEZUELAN SOCIETIES:
This work aims to present the differences between the protective legislation for women in Brazil and Venezuela from the perspective of gender theory within the Inter-American human rights system. Latin America is the result of a civilizing process with historical similarities and differences in each country, but it was built on a similar structure of income concentration, inequality, and exclusion. In this context, women are part of minority groups that are most affected by this structure, violence, and numerous difficulties in accessing rights. Thus, the approach to examining the legal protection of women in the mentioned countries will be: presenting the Maria da Penha Law, a Brazilian law, and the Ley Orgánica sobre el derecho de las mujeres a una vida libre de violencia, a Venezuelan law, in relation to the current Constitution in each country; presenting the situation of these countries within the Inter-American human rights system; and analyzing the differences and similarities regarding violence against women in Brazil and Venezuela.
Além de Professor Permanente do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia (PPGS) da Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Professor Colaborador do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Territorial na América Latina e Caribe (TerritoriAL) da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) e Pesquisador Visitante no Instituto de Pesquisa Social (CUSRI) da Universidade de Chulalongkorn na Tailândia, Peter Rosset é pesquisador titular do El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR) em Chiapas, México. Em seus trabalhos, discute a relação entre o ser humano e a terra, considerando processos de reforma agrária, recampesinização, formas de produção agroecológica e a expansão do conhecimento entre povos camponeses, além de dinâmicas relacionadas à educação no campo e estratégias de defesa da terra e dos territórios camponeses. O professor integrou a Secretaria Operativa Internacional da Via Campesina, acompanhando processos globais e regionais de agroecologia e sementes camponesas. Com trabalhos reconhecidos em todo o mundo, atuou na criação de escolas internacionais de agroecologia camponesa e universidades indígenas e camponesas em países como Canadá, Espanha, Moçambique, Índia, Chile, Venezuela e Brasil, entre outros.
Institutos Agroecológicos Latino-Americanos
A entrevista desse número conta com a participação de uma pesquisadora que, a partir de sua formação na área da Engenharia Florestal, pela Universidade Federal de Lavras, realiza leitura interdisciplinar e crítica das normas ambientais. Doutora em Recursos Florestais pela Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ-USP) e pós-doutora pela Universidade de Lisboa/Portugal, ISA/CEF, no grupo ForChange. Atualmente, é docente associada da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), é coordenadora do Programa de pós-graduação em Agronegócio (PPGAGRO) e líder do Grupo de Pesquisa Cerrado. Em sua pesquisa, verifica questões relacionadas à ocupação do Cerrado e suas interfaces com legislação ambiental considerando aspectos teóricos, legais, econômicos e de planejamento.
THE HEALTH OF BLACK WOMEN IN CONTEMPORARY BRAZIL
This research aims to reflect on the health of the population in contemporary Brazil, with a focus on the situation of Black women. To achieve this, we will analyze recent statistical data released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in the Demographic Census and various official documents from the Ministry of Health. Thus, we will discuss the guidelines of the National Policy for the Integral Health of the Black Population, highlighting prevalent diseases, the health situation of Black women, mental health, and additional data that help us understand access to health in the country and public policies concerning health in the current context. The study involves a preliminary statistical analysis with implications for guiding public health policies for local communities in northern Goiás, based on the Gender Violence Combat Observatory, a partnership between the State University of Goiás, North Campus Uruaçu, and the Federal Institute of Goiás, Uruaçu Campus.
Food Sovereignty should be associated with the guarantee of the Human Right to Adequate Food (HRAF) and Food and Nutritional Security (FNS). The first concept relates to the right of peoples to decide what is produced and consumed, while FNS emphasizes the right to permanent access to quality food in sufficient quantities on a continuous basis. HRAF is the inherent right of individuals to regular and unrestricted access to safe and healthy food, in adequate and sufficient quantities, without interruption, and in respect of their culture. This study aims to elucidate and describe the Brazilian food system, its relationship with the consequences generated by the global syndemic, and how this phenomenon affects, through the racialized segment, the HRAF of Traditional Communities, with a focus on the Kalunga in the state of Goiás. Document research and a diagnostic survey were conducted in the Kalunga Congonhas Community. Changes in the traditional eating habits of the Community were observed, and the concepts of Food Sovereignty, Adequate Food, and Food and Nutritional Security are complementary and highly related to the guarantee of the Human Rights of the Kalunga People.
PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE AND RESEARCH AT UNAD'S SCHOOL OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES AS A VEHICLE FOR GUARANTEEING HUMAN RIGHTS
The aim of this paper is to make visible and to leave in point for reflection on the dynamizing role that has the component of pedagogical and investigative practice in the processes of guarantee of rights, as well as the enjoyment of the same ones, not only in academic and university scenarios, but also in the exercise of life and in the generation of contributions to the development of the territories where the students of the School of Education Sciences of the UNAD dynamize their life experiences.
YOUTHS, POLITICAL PARTICIPATION, AND SOCIAL NETWORKS. UNIVERSITY STUDENTS.
Young people have been producing and occupying new spaces in political participation. After years of disenchantment with their role in the public arena, they have found ways of participating that do not conform to the mechanisms of classic bureaucratic-rational organizations, such as political parties, nor to various civil society organizations. The emergence of other technologies and social networks has made possible new ways of convening, enunciating, and participating in transversal struggles. These modes of participation have shown that young people are not apathetic regarding political participation, but rather that the ways and issues that concern and interest them are configured differently. The research project from which these reflections arise traces these new ways of doing politics and proposes some possible interpretations in light of recent electoral events that have highlighted how the far-right has used technologies and social networks to position themselves in relation to youth and to craft discourses that are low in content but highly impactful, managing to undermine the foundations of democracy.
A FORM OF SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS INCLUSION
The inclusion of deaf individuals in the everyday actions of religious life is one of the significant challenges for religious communities in Brazil. The objective of this work is to analyze the process of inclusion (or exclusion) of deaf individuals in the Catholic Church, focusing on the activities of the Deaf Ministry in Brazil. We question whether participation in the activities of the Deaf Ministry helps deaf individuals feel more socially included, thereby reinforcing their dignity. The methodology used involved an online survey with semi-structured interviews conducted in 2022, alongside a bibliographic research of published studies on the topic. We followed four stages in this investigation: religion, exclusion, inclusion, and the Deaf Ministry. The concepts were discussed based on contributions from Otto Marques da Silva, Romeu Kazumi, Maria Teresa Eglér Mantoan, César Augusto de Assis Silva, Luiz Carlos Dutra, Karin Lillian Strobel, Serge Paugam, Simon Schwartzman, as well as inclusive legislation that is a reference on this topic. To better understand the reality experienced by deaf individuals, an empirical study was conducted through a questionnaire containing 12 open and closed questions. The questionnaire was distributed to three groups: agents of the Deaf Ministry, deaf individuals attending the Deaf Ministry in Brazil, and Catholic religious leaders responsible for activities that include deaf individuals. Field research was carried out across the 19 regional offices of the Deaf Ministry of the Catholic Church in Brazil, with 162 interviews conducted.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE ELECTRICITY SECTOR
This work analyzed the relationship between energy poverty and the use of microgrids as a potentially beneficial measure in combating energy poverty. To this end, the research was divided into two parts: first, the concept of energy poverty and the relationship between access to energy and social justice were explained; then, notions about microgrids and their advantages for the energy transition were outlined. Still, in the second part of the work, the adoption of such technology in remote and/or low-income areas was demonstrated through two examples, namely the Xique-Xique community and the Munduruku indigenous people. The objective of the research was to determine whether the use of microgrids can contribute to combating energy poverty in Brazil. Methodologically, the work adopted a bibliographic and documentary review, using the hypothetical-deductive method to ultimately confirm the hypothesis that the answer to the problem is positive, with the caveat that solid regulatory measures need to be adopted, both in terms of artificial intelligence and microgrids, given the absence of specific legislation on both topics in the Brazilian legal system.