Biosilicato e espongina marinha no processo de cicatrização de defeitos ósseos tibiais em ratos

Abstract

The objective of the current study is to evaluate the orthotopic in vivo response to Biosilicate/Spongin composites in rats. For the experiments, 24 Wistar rats were distributed into 3 groups (control group: CG, Biosilicate: BS and Biosilicate/Spongin: BS/SPG). A noncritical tibial bone defect was  created using motorized drill. After 15 days post-surgery, animals were euthanized and tibias were retrieved for the histopathological, histomorphometric, immunohistochemistry and biomechanical analysis. The histological analysis demonstrated that BS stimulated newly formed bone ingrowth into the defect area and animals treated with BS/SPG showed an intense amount of granulation tissue filling the defect. Histomorphometry results showed, for BS/SPG, lower values of %BV/TV and N.Ob/T.Ar. The immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated no difference between the groups for both Runx-2 and Rank-L immunostaining. Additionally, the biomechanical test demonstrated similar values for all the groups. This current study concluded that the BS is a promising material to be used as bone graft substitute. However, BS/SPG, in the proportion used, did not have a positive influence in the amount of newly formed bone in tibial bone defects.